It depends greatly on fuel quality and if a good lube additive is used with each fill up. They may last less than 100K or they may be a lifetime component that goes over 400K. It is not uncommon on the big Duramaxes with aftermarket FASS lift pump, separator / filtration systems (those trucks needed this system as they had no lift pump in the tank and apparently not great fuel filtration) to essentially go "lifetime" on their injectors.
Our trucks have a lift pump in the fuel tank so we do not need to worry about that. We also have a dual fuel filter water separator box with a water sensor that will display a message in the DIC if water is found. I like to think GM learned from the older big Duramaxes, and that our fuel system's filtration is adequate.
If the truck ever misses or does not run right, have it serviced immediately. With today's extremely high pressure common rail fuel systems, either these these engines are running perfectly or they are potentially damaging themselves. It is not like the old days in the 70s (truly the nadir of car manufacture) with our gas engine's leaky carbs and points ignition, where missing and crappy running at times was "normal".
I think with diesels what you put into them is what you will get out of them. Take care of it and it will take care of you. For me this means changing the fuel filters and checking for water every 20K and using lube/cleaner/cetane additive with each fill up.